Leon Schulz, Reginasailing · video

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Celestial navigation serves as a critical backup to electronic systems, particularly when GPS signals face interference from jammers or power failures. A sextant requires no electricity, allowing sailors to verify electronic position data independently. The fundamental principle of celestial navigation involves measuring the angle between a celestial body and the horizon to determine a position line. By shooting the sun twice—typically separated by two or three hours—a navigator generates intersecting position lines to establish a fix.

This technique relies on the relationship between angular measurement and distance, where one degree of arc equals 60 nautical miles on the Earth's surface. The process centers on calculating the zenith distance, which represents the distance between the observer and the sun’s geographic position, or "picture point." While modern electronic navigation is standard, the sextant remains a reliable, traditional tool for ocean passages. Regular practice is necessary to maintain proficiency, as the method requires accounting for the vessel's course, speed, and estimated current between observations.

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