⚓ What would you do if your GPS suddenly failed in the middle of the sea? ⚓
2. juni 2026 · 6 min · 73 visninger
Compass and chart guide navigation across the Mediterranean
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Paper chart navigation fundamentals are taught here as a structured tutorial aimed at students preparing for the Italian nautical license exam. The required plotting kit includes a coastal nautical chart (such as the didactic 5D or 42D series), two nautical set squares, a divider (compasso a punte secche — two dry metal points, not a drawing compass), a soft pencil, an eraser, and a calculator.▶ 1:56 Charts must be brought to the exam completely unmarked; any prior markings result in immediate failure.▶ 0:46 Latitude and longitude are explained using the battleship-grid analogy, with latitude running 0–90° north or south and longitude 0–180° east or west.▶ 2:50 The central rule for measuring nautical miles: one minute of latitude equals exactly one nautical mile (1,852 m), and distances must always be read from the lateral latitude scale at the same latitude as the route being measured — never from the top or bottom longitude scale.▶ 3:23 This requirement exists because Mercator projection (invented 1569) preserves angles but distorts vertical scale toward the poles, making the latitude scale the only geometrically valid reference.▶ 4:44 Lights and buoys — the green light at Castellammare in the Gulf of Naples is cited — serve as fixed reference points for setting departure courses and confirming the vessel's position on the chart.▶ 5:28
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