riccardo mainardi istruttore Sailing the Gulf · video

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Sailors must trim sails based on apparent wind—the vector sum of true wind and the wind generated by the boat's own forward motion—rather than true wind.1:17 Modern cruising yachts typically face a 70-to-90-degree "no-go zone" where they cannot sail directly into the wind.2:46 When sailing close-hauled (close hold), excessive pinching stalls the sails and reduces speed; bearing away 10 to 15 degrees often improves VMG by increasing boat speed.4:46 On a beam reach (beam reach), excessive weather helm should be corrected by easing the mainsail sheet rather than applying heavy rudder, which acts as a brake.6:26 When sailing downwind, moving the jib lead (jib lead) forward helps maintain sail shape by closing the leech.6:46 In running downwind (running downwind) conditions, particularly when sailing wing-on-wing, a preventer is essential to secure the boom and prevent accidental gybes.7:56 Zigzagging downwind at broader angles often yields higher VMG than sailing dead downwind, as it increases apparent wind speed.8:56

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