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Heeling increases when a sailboat bears away from a close-hauled course while maintaining the same sail trim.10:38 This phenomenon occurs because the angle of attack between the wind and the sail chord increases, raising the lift coefficient until the sail reaches a stall point, typically between 20 and 25 degrees.5:46 Beyond this angle, the airflow over the sail becomes turbulent, lift collapses, and the sail functions primarily through drag.6:33 While bearing away initially increases heeling, the total force on the sail eventually drops once the sail stalls.10:49 Conversely, luffing up into the wind from an optimal close-hauled trim reduces the angle of attack, effectively decreasing heeling.11:37 This technique serves as a primary method for managing sudden gusts, particularly on light-displacement sailboats, though it may cause the sails to luff or flap.11:26 Understanding the relationship between the angle of attack, lift, and drag coefficients explains why sail trim must be adjusted when changing points of sail to maintain efficiency and control heel.11:27

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